Journal: Microbial Pathogenesis

Article Title: Development and immunogenic potentials of chitosan-saponin encapsulated DNA vaccine against avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus

doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104560

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative results showing distributions of (A) CD3 + CD4 + and (B) CD3 + CD8 + T-lymphocytes from IB DNA vaccinated chickens (group E) as determined by flow cytometry.

Article Snippet: A single cell suspension was prepared at a concentration of 1 × 10 7 cells/ml and about 100 μl of cell suspensions (1 × 10 6 cells) were incubated for 2 h at 4 °C with mouse anti-chicken CD3-FITC (Southern Biotech, USA), mouse anti-chicken CD4-R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) (Southern Biotech, USA), and mouse anti-chicken CD8 cy5 (Southern Biotech, USA).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry

Journal: Microbial Pathogenesis

Article Title: Development and immunogenic potentials of chitosan-saponin encapsulated DNA vaccine against avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus

doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104560

Figure Lengend Snippet: Percentage CD3 + CD4 + and CD3 + CD8 + T-lymphocytes in vaccinated and control chicken groups 2 weeks after booster vaccination with IB - DNA vaccines. Vaccination regimen and control includes: (A) PBS; (B) pBudCE4.1 (naked DNA); (C) pBudCR88-S1; (D) pBudM41-S1; (E) pBudCR88S1/M41S1+Nano; (F) pBudCR88S1/M41S1- Nano. Evaluations of Clinical signs and viral shedding after challenge.

Article Snippet: A single cell suspension was prepared at a concentration of 1 × 10 7 cells/ml and about 100 μl of cell suspensions (1 × 10 6 cells) were incubated for 2 h at 4 °C with mouse anti-chicken CD3-FITC (Southern Biotech, USA), mouse anti-chicken CD4-R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) (Southern Biotech, USA), and mouse anti-chicken CD8 cy5 (Southern Biotech, USA).

Techniques: Control, Vaccines

Journal: Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A

Article Title: Differences in highly pathogenic avian influenza viral pathogenesis and associated early inflammatory response in chickens and ducks.

doi: 10.1080/03079457.2013.807325

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Immunohistochemical detection of viral antigen and immune cell recruitment in paraffin-embedded lung tissue sections of chickens infected with H7N1 after 1 d.p.i. HPAI-infected cells are detected around the intrapulmonary bronchus and in peripheral parabronchi (6a). Detection of CD8a (6b), CD4 (6c), KUL-01 (6d) and apoptotic cells (6e) in the lung 1 day after avian influenza virus infection. Detection of CD8a (6f), CD4 (6g), and KUL-01 (6h) cells in peripheral parabronchi found in uninfected chickens.

Article Snippet: Monoclonal antibodies specific for duck CD4 and CD8a cells (clones MCA 2478 and MCA 2479, respectively; Abd Serotec, Dusseldorf, Germany), macrophages/monocytes and interdigitating cells (clone CVI-ChNL-68.1 [or 68.1 ]; CVI, Lelystad, the Netherlands) were used.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Infection, Virus

Journal: Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A

Article Title: Differences in highly pathogenic avian influenza viral pathogenesis and associated early inflammatory response in chickens and ducks.

doi: 10.1080/03079457.2013.807325

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 8. Immunohistochemical detection of viral antigen and immune cell recruitment in paraffin-embedded lung tissue sections of ducks infected with H7N1 after 8 h. p.i. HPAI-infected cells are detected in the peripheral parabronchi (8a). Detection of CD8a (8b), CD4 (8c), 68.1 (8d) and apoptotic cells in the peripheral parabronchi (8e). Detection of CD8a (8f), CD4 (8g), and 68.1 (8h) cells in peripheral parabronchi found in healthy ducks.

Article Snippet: Monoclonal antibodies specific for duck CD4 and CD8a cells (clones MCA 2478 and MCA 2479, respectively; Abd Serotec, Dusseldorf, Germany), macrophages/monocytes and interdigitating cells (clone CVI-ChNL-68.1 [or 68.1 ]; CVI, Lelystad, the Netherlands) were used.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Infection

Journal: Frontiers in Physiology

Article Title: Effects of Induced Moisture Loss in Chicken Embryos at Embryonic Day 18 and Post-hatch Immune Response During Salmonella enteritidis Lipopolysaccharide Challenge in Broilers

doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.820349

Figure Lengend Snippet: CD8 + /CD4 + ratio and CD4 + CD25 + cell percentages at ED18 in thymus and spleen of layer and broiler embryos (Experiment I).

Article Snippet: Single-cell suspensions from the spleen and thymus pools were enriched for lymphocytes by density centrifugation over Histopaque (1.077 g/ml, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, United States) for 15 min at 400 g . The cells were incubated with a 1:250 dilution of fluorescent-isothiocyanate conjugated mouse anti-chicken CD4 + (Southern Biotech, Birmingham, AL, United States); 1:450 dilution of phycoerythrin-conjugated mouse anti-chicken CD8 + (Southern Biotech, Birmingham, AL, United States), and 1:200 dilution of unlabeled mouse IgG for 15 min.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Physiology

Article Title: Effects of Induced Moisture Loss in Chicken Embryos at Embryonic Day 18 and Post-hatch Immune Response During Salmonella enteritidis Lipopolysaccharide Challenge in Broilers

doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.820349

Figure Lengend Snippet: CD8 + /CD4 + ratio and CD4 + CD25 + cell percentages at 24 and 48 h post-LPS injection in thymus and spleen (Experiment II).

Article Snippet: Single-cell suspensions from the spleen and thymus pools were enriched for lymphocytes by density centrifugation over Histopaque (1.077 g/ml, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, United States) for 15 min at 400 g . The cells were incubated with a 1:250 dilution of fluorescent-isothiocyanate conjugated mouse anti-chicken CD4 + (Southern Biotech, Birmingham, AL, United States); 1:450 dilution of phycoerythrin-conjugated mouse anti-chicken CD8 + (Southern Biotech, Birmingham, AL, United States), and 1:200 dilution of unlabeled mouse IgG for 15 min.

Techniques: Injection

Journal: Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy

Article Title: Promoter dependence of plasmid-pluronics targeted alpha galactosidase A expression in skeletal muscle of Fabry mice.

doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2005.02.032

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIG. 3. Analysis of CD8+ lymphocyte and macrophage infiltrates following injection of plasmid vectors into Fabry mouse muscles. Plasmid vectors (A, C, E, G, I, K) pX61MCK and (B, D, F, H, J, L) pX61 were injected into TA muscles of 4-week-old Fabry mice and muscle sections were taken 2 weeks postinjection. (A–F) Immunolocalization of CD8+ T cells. Red fluorescence signal corresponds to CD8+ expression on cytotoxic T lymphocytes infiltrating injected muscle; nuclear counterstaining (YOPRO-1) is shown in green. (I–N) Immunolocalization of macrophages. Purple staining denotes macrophage-specific staining; nuclear counterstaining (methyl green) is in blue-green. (G, H, O, and P) Serum-only negative controls. Note the significant number of CD8+ cells and macrophages infiltrating muscle fibers injected with pX61 at 2 weeks postinjection compared to no staining in muscle injected with pX61MCK at any time point or with pX61 at 5 weeks postinjection. For detection of CD8+ T cells rat anti-mouse CD8 antibody (Serotec; YTS 169.4) was used (1/500 in 10% goat serum) with chicken anti- rat IgG conjugated with Alexa Fluor 647 (1/200 in 2% goat serum) secondary detection and YOPRO-1 (both from Molecular Probes) cell nucleus counterstaining. Samples were analyzed using an LSM 510 confocal microscope (Zeiss), with excitation at 650 and 488 nm and emission at 668 and 510 nm for Alexa and YOPRO-1, respectively. For detection of macrophages, rat anti-mouse F4/80 biotinylated antibody (Serotec; MCA 497B) was used (1/100 in 10% goat serum) with immunohistochemical visualization (VECTAstain and VIP kits; Vector Laboratories). In both cases negative controls were incubated with 10% goat serum only.

Article Snippet: For detection of CD8+ T cells rat anti-mouse CD8 antibody (Serotec; YTS 169.4) was used (1/500 in 10% goat serum) with chicken antirat IgG conjugated with Alexa Fluor 647 (1/200 in 2% goat serum) secondary detection and YOPRO-1 (both from Molecular Probes) cell nucleus counterstaining.

Techniques: Injection, Plasmid Preparation, Muscles, Fluorescence, Expressing, Staining, Microscopy, Immunohistochemical staining, Incubation